Shipwreck

Reefs are environments that protect the coast and are home to many different species of marine life. When a shipwreck occurs, an artificial reef is created, which is inhabited by different fish, marine algae and invertebrates. Thus, a great space for protection and feeding of these animals.

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The intentional shipwreck near areas with natural reefs is harmful to nature, as it causes an imbalance in that environment. Therefore, the ideal for planned shipwrecks is to be in environments that only have sand, so there will be no competition with natural reefs. Whether natural or artificial, they are very important environments for fishing and tourism, as long as these acts do not destroy the ecosystem.

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Queen angelfish - Holacanthus ciliares

Found in the Western Atlantic, it lives alone or in pairs associated with coral reefs, at a depth of up to 70 meters. These are fish that, when adults, can reach up to 45 cm in length. Along with the Frade (Pomacanthus paru) it is one of the largest angelfish we have in Brazil. They swim slowly near rocks in search of food, eating sponges and small pieces of algae. They are shyer than the Friars, they rarely allow themselves to be approached. It is a commercial species in the aquarium market, being little commercial for other purposes.

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Atlantic moonfish - Selene setapinnis

Found in the Western Atlantic, at depths of up to 54 meters. When juveniles live close to the surface, they can also be found in bays and river mouths. Adults live in schools near the bottom. Its maximum size is 60 cm. They are sold for consumption, but there have been reports of people suffering from ciguatera poisoning, which is a toxin that accumulates in fish that feed on certain species of algae and can cause gastrointestinal, neurological and cardiovascular problems.

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Barber surgeonfish - Acanthurus bahianus

It is one of the most characteristic surgeonfish of the Atlantic Ocean, living close to coral reefs in tropical regions at depths of up to 40 meters. It can reach a maximum size of 12 centimeters and its longest recorded lifespan is 31 years. It can be found in small groups of just over five individuals. It has diurnal habits and feeds almost exclusively on algae, sometimes eating small crustaceans. It has a pair of spines, located on the side of the tail, and used for defense. This characteristic is present in all species of the surgeon group.

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Spanish hogfish - Bodianus rufus

Species found in the Atlantic Ocean, occurring along the entire brazilian coast. Usually lives near rocky shores up to 70 m deep. It feeds basically on invertebrates, such as small crustaceans, molluscs, sea urchins and brittle star. As a juvenile it acts as a cleaner by removing dead tissues and external parasites from other fishes. It can reach up to 40 cm in length. There are reports of ciguatera poisoning when consuming this species. It is a commercial species in the aquarium market, being not so much commercial for other types of fisheries.

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Spotfin hogfish - Bodianus pulchellus

It is a species found in the Atlantic Ocean, from South Carolina (USA) to Santa Catarina (Brazil). It lives in a marine environment associated with reefs, at depths between 15 and 120 meters. It feeds on invertebrates, crustaceans and bivalves and can act as a parasite cleaner on the body of larger fish. Individuals are almost always lonely, but sometimes they can form small shoals, and can measure up to 28 cm in length. The juvenile has a predominantly yellow body, and as an adult it has a red body with a yellowish caudal fin. It is a commercial species in the aquarium market, being little commercial in other types of fisheries.

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Atlantic bigeye - Priacanthus arenatus

It is a tropical species, found in the Atlantic Ocean, at an average depth of 15 to 100 meters. Always associated with coral reefs or rocky bottoms, it has nocturnal habits, feeding on small prey, mostly larvae, but also small fish, crustaceans and polychaetes. Its maximum size can be 50 cm.

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Atlantic spadefish - Chaetodipterus faber

It is a species found in the Atlantic Ocean, from the southeast of the USA to Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). It lives associated with coral reefs, at depths between 3m and 35 meters. It feeds on animals such as crustaceans, molluscs, annelids and cnidarians, and can also feed on plankton in the water column. Individuals have an average size of 50 cm and maximum weight ever recorded of 9 kg. In the reproductive period, females can release up to 1 million eggs into the water column, with the eggs hatching about 24 hours later. There are cases of ciguatera poisoning when consuming this animal. It is a commercial species in the aquarium, sport fishing and aquaculture market, being little commercial for other types of fisheries.

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Yellow sea chub - Kyphosus incisor

Common fish in the Western and Eastern Atlantic, they can live up to 15 meters deep. They live in rocky environments and coral reefs, reaching up to 90 cm in length. They feed on algae, also eating Sargassum algae, which is the same as the scorpionfish (Rhinopias frondosa) camouflages itself.

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White grunt - Haemulon plumierii

It lives in the Western Atlantic, on coral reefs, at depths of up to 40 meters. They can reach 53 cm in length. They feed on molluscs, crustaceans and fish. When juveniles go out at night looking for food on the sandy bottom of regions with sea grass and return to the reefs during the day to protect themselves. When adult individuals are in schools, they rest more and eat less. To find their food, adults bury their mouths in the substrate (sand) in search of their food and gradually release the substrate through the operculum (structure on the side of the head that protects the gills). Because they are territorial, we can observe, at times, one facing the other opening their mouths, challenging each other (it may look like a kiss but it's not).